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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management will assist you in scoring more marks. This includes the textbook and their solutions for Crop Production and Management Chapter 1 of Class 8 Science, which is made in adherence to the updated syllabus 2023 released by CBSE.
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On this page, you will find all the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 which includes detailed exercise-based solutions. These NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science are downloadable and easy to access. Our Science experts have meticulously developed these solutions to support students in preparing for their Class 8 exams.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
Crop Production and Management Class 8 Science NCERT Textbook Questions
Exercise Questions
1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _________________.
(b) The first step before growing crops is __________________ of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would _______________________ on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and ________________ and ______________ from the soil are essential.
Solutions :
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called crop.
(b) The first step before growing crops is preparation of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water and nutrients from the soil are essential.
2. Match items in column A with those in column B.
| A | B |
| (a) Kharif Crops | (i) Food for Cattle |
| (b) Rabi Crops | (ii) Urea and super phosphate |
| (c) Chemical fertilisers | (iii) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant waste |
| (d) Organic Manure | (iv) Wheat, gram, pea |
| (v) Paddy and maize |
Solution :
| A | B |
| (i) Kharif Crops | (e) Paddy and maize |
| (ii) Rabi Crops | (d) Wheat, gram, pea |
| (iii) Chemical fertilisers | (b) Urea and super phosphate |
| (iv) Organic Manure | (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant waste |
3. Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
Solution :
(a) Paddy and Maize
(b) Wheat and Gram
4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil
(b) Sowing
(c) Weeding
(d) Threshing
Solution :
(a) Preparation of the soil : It is the first step before growing a crop. It is important in agriculture to turn the soil and loosen it. This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. The loose soil allows the roots to breathe easily even when they go deep into the soil. The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes present in the soil and are considered farmers friends. Ploughs and levellers are used for tilling and levelling.
(b) Sowing : Sowing is an important part of crop production. Before sowing, good quality, clean and healthy seeds of a good variety are selected. Seeds can be sown by seed drill or manually. Farmers prefer to use seeds which give high yield.
(c) Weeding : The removal of undesirable plants that may have grown naturally along with the crop is called weeding and these undesirable plants are called weeds. Weeding is necessary since weeds compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light and they can reduce the crop yield by doing so. Some weeds interfere in harvesting and may be poisonous for animals and human beings. Weeds can be removed by tools like khurpi or by spraying weedicides like 2,4-D.
(d) Threshing : The process of separating the grain seeds from the chaff is called threshing. It is done with the help of a machine called “combine” which is a harvester as well as a thresher.
5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
Solution :
| Fertilisers | Manure |
| Fertiliser is an inorganic salt, which is man made. | Manure is a natural substance. |
| Fertilisers are man-made. | Manure is obtained by the decomposition of cattle dung, human waste and plant residues. |
| Fertiliser is prepared in factories. | It can be prepared in the fields |
| Fertiliser does not provide any humus to the soil. | Manure provides a lot of humus to the soil. |
| Fertilisers are very rich in plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. | Manure is relatively less rich in plant nutrients. |
6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
Solution :
The supply of water to crops at regular intervals is called irrigation. The two methods of irrigation which conserves water are as follows-
(a) Sprinkler system of irrigation – Its mainly used in the places having uneven land and where sufficient water is not available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water is allowed to flow through the main pipe under pressure with the help of a pump, it escapes from the rotating nozzles.
(b) Drip System – This system is very useful and the water is not at all wasted. In this system, the water falls drop by drop directly near the roots therefore it is called drip system. It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees. It acts as a saviour for the places where there is a lot of water scarcity.
7. If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.
Solution :
Wheat is a rabi crop and it required cold climatic conditions for its proper growth. If it is sown in the kharif season then it might get destroyed due to excessive rains.
8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
Solution :
Soil supplies minerals and nutrients to the crop and these help in the growth of the crops. Continuous cultivation of crops can deplete specific nutrients from the soil. This can lead to a decrease in yield by making the soil infertile if those nutrients are not replenished adequately.
9. What are weeds ? How can we control them ?
Solution :
The undesirable and unwanted plants which grow naturally along with the crop are called weeds. Weeds can be controlled by methods called weeding. There are many ways to have a control over weeds. They can be removed by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground. Weeds are also controlled by using certain chemicals called weedicides, which are sprayed in the fields to kill them.
10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
Solution :
- Preparation of soil
- Ploughing the field
- Sowing
- Manuring
- Irrigation
- Harvesting
- Sending crops to sugar factory
11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of the clues given below.
Down
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind are grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop, which is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.
Solution :
Summary
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